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How to Write a DNP OR DPI Capstone Project

Posted on May 15, 2018 - 8:01 am by

It is a common practice for higher learning institutions all over the world to make it mandatory for students pursuing a Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) to work on a DNP capstone project. A DNP capstone project is essentially a form of a scholarly work that proves that a student can apply the skills as well as knowledge learnt in school in a real world. Basically, when undertaking such a project, students are required to identify a research problem and utilize the research skills learnt in the DNP program in solving a public health problem. Stated differently, a DNP or DPI capstone project culminates doctoral studies in this field of specialization. Perhaps the most important thing to remember is that this type of assignment demands that students should contribute original knowledge to the field of nursing practice as well as solve a significant public health problem. Writing this type of academic work is a lengthy process that starts with brainstorming for a research problem and goes all the way to writing the final report of your research findings.

 

DNP Capstone Writers

The first step that is involved in writing a capstone project is identifying a research problem. This might sound straight forward but it is actually one of the DNP capstone writing stages that students find hard to handle. The research problem should be among other things come from an area where you are genuinely interested in or passionate about.  Your area of research should also be centered around your area of specialization.  This is because a doctorate student is expected to be an expert in his/her area of specialization and as such, it is only reasonable for such a student to conduct research in such an area so as to be updated on the current research and findings in that area.  This is to say that although there are limitless areas that DNP students can focus on, you should always limit your focus to your specific area of interest. It is from the research problem that you narrow down into a research topic that can be broken down into variables that can be measured.  As a rule of thumb, a DNP capstone project should include some elements of planning, implementation as well as evaluation of a given intervention in the field of healthcare.

The second stage of writing a DNP capstone project is reviewing the available relevant literature. The review of the available literature helps you to further refine your topic of study. It also helps you to be conversant with what have already been done in your area of study so that you don’t end up unnecessarily duplicating research.  This stage is quite crucial as it also assists you to know the various theories that you can use in your study. The available literature also forms the basis which you will use when analyzing the data and the available evidence.

The third step that is involved in writing a DNP capstone project is designing the methodology that you will use in conducting your study.  This is the stage when you clearly explain the research design that your study is going to adopt. In addition, you should discuss the data collection tools that you are going to us and how valid and reliable they are. Moreover, you must discuss the target as well as accessible population of your study. This is one of the most important stages in writing a DNP capstone since how reliable and valid your study shall be is to a great extent determined by how well you execute the various tasks involved in this step of writing.

Fourthly, you are required to analyze the collected data and use the available evidence to come up with practical solutions to a given health problem. This is actually the stage when you make a practical contribution in the field of nursing practice. It is however worth to keep it in mind that all the suggestions made should be based on the collected data and available evidence.  This is because making conclusions and recommendations that are not based on the data that you have collected and the available evidence amounts to falsification of data. It is worth to note that Falsification of data is one of the ethical issues in scholarly research that should be avoided at all costs.

Lastly, you should come up with a clear plan of how to implement the recommendations that you have suggested based on the results of your study. This is also an important stage of writing a DNP Capstone and sometimes it involves the various projects and programs implemented based on the given recommendations of your study.

It then follows that working a on capstone project is a systematic process that requires one to posses not only research skills but also critical thinking skills. Before embarking on this challenging yet academically fulfilling journey you should ask yourself a number of questions. Such questions include but not limited to; what is the focus of my project? How will my project demonstrate my expertise in my field of study? Is there available relevant literature that can serve as a basis for my DNP capstone project? Is my project capable of contributing new knowledge to the field of nursing practice and what is the practical problem in the field of nursing practice that my project will solve? Answering the aforementioned questions will help you know whether you really have a significant real world problem in the field of nursing that is worth solving using research and critical thinking.

DNP Capstone Project Writing Tips

Some of the tips on how to write a DNP capstone project include; avoiding plagiarism, editing and proofreading your final copy and being time conscious. You should also make sure that your final report is in the right format. Basically, a DNP nursing capstone project should have; an abstract, the introduction, statement of the problem, literature review, presentation of the data, analysis and discussion of the data and description of the various ways to solve the identified problem based on the collected data and available evidence.

Sample Marketing Assignment: Servicescape Model for Ginger Brand of Hotel Chains

Posted on October 30, 2017 - 7:24 pm by

Business students who are majoring in marketing come across different assignments including case studies requiring the application of critical thinking skills. In such, marketing case studies or assignments, students are required to apply the concepts learned in class to real life business problems. This can be quite challenging especially when a learner lacks critical thinking and analysis skills. This is why most students seek marketing case study assignment help from online academic writing services such as prolificresearchpaperwriters.com. Our marketing case study writers have worked on different marketing assignments and they have proved their worth by assisting students to get A+.  Here is a sample marketing case study that scholars may come across in their studies.

Question

Apply the servicescape model to Ginger: smart Basic case study using Bitner, Durna and the pages I am attaching from : Lovelock, C. & Wirtz, J. (2011) Services Marketing: People, Technology, Strategy, 7th Edition, Pearson.
Answer

Introduction

The case study focuses on a hotel chain that is based in India and is known as Ginger. The hotel chain targets the economy market segment which has been neglected by other players in the market. Ginger seeks to set its brand apart by providing affordable accommodation and related services that are characterized by convenience, simplicity, affordability, modernity, style, and warmth among others. This paper applies the servicescape model on the Ginger brand.

The Servicescape Model

The model focuses on the components of the physical environment within which service delivery takes place. The servicescape model is founded on the hypothesis that the physical environment has an influence on both employee and customer behaviors. Additionally, the physical environment can facilitate or serve as a limitation towards the attainment of internal and external marketing goals in an organization. In the hospitality industry, it can be utilized to conveniently assess the customer experiences (Bitner, 1992). Notably, the model is made up of both substantive components and communicative components. Examples of communicative components include politeness, concern, and culture delivery. Substantive components include décor and design, ambience service, and convenience among others (Durna, Dedeoglu, & Balikçioglu, 2015).

The key dimensions of the service environment as the ambient conditions, space or functionality, and signs, symbols, and artifacts. It is important to ensure that the dimensions fit together holistically since the service environment can lead to diverse customer and employee responses. However, the responses are moderated by different factors. For example, the responses are moderated by cognitive, emotional, and psychological factors. Cognitive factors include beliefs, categorization, and symbolic meaning while emotional factors include feelings, moods, and attitudes. On the other hand, the psychological factors are composed of pain, comfort, movement, and physical fit (Lovelock & Wirtz, 2011).

Applying the Servicescape Model to Ginger Brand of Hotel Chains

The servicescape model can be related to the dimensions of Ginger’s service concept. For example, the Ginger hotels align their facilities with the modern lifestyles by leveraging technology in order to attain efficiency. Additionally, this leads to simplicity and convenience in the business process. Besides, this resonates with the middle class customers and influence their beliefs and attitudes towards the hotels. For example, the use of emails for booking rooms and the use of payment gateways creates an impression that the hotels’ processes are very efficient. Bitner (1992) emphasized that the customers’ perspectives towards the servicescape lead to cognitive responses which determine their beliefs about the businesses employees and products. Additionally, customers are able to categorize a firm based on their perceptions of the servicescape. For example, clients may categorize the Ginger hotels as stylish and modern based on the use of technology to achieve different tasks in the hotels. Notably, the brand can leverage this component in its advertisements with the aim of enhancing this image and using at as factor for attracting customers (Durna et al., 2015). This is because customers utilize extrinsic cues to infer or form beliefs about quality of the services provided by a business (Bitner, 1992).

Ginger hotels also focus on creating an impression of style and warmth. The brand uses compact fluorescent lights (CFL), natural lighting, auto-time managed air-conditioning, and energy-efficient hydro-pneumatic systems. These components create an ambience that is very conducive for customers. According to Lovelock and Wirtz (2011) ambient conditions affect the customers’ emotional well-being, attitudes, and behaviors. Consequently, it is important to create a service environment that is desired by customers. The authors noted that lighting, temperature, and smells as some of the factors that impact on ambience. Notably, customers are willing to consume services which are provided within an ambient environment (Bitner, 1992).

The hotels have a conducive layout, equipment, and furnishings. The Ginger brand considers all types of travelers ranging from the lone travelers and people with disabilities. Additionally, the rooms have ergonomic working areas, coffee makers, and mini-fridges among other equipment. The use of posture-pedic mattresses enhances the customer experiences through the concept of SMART Sleep. The equipment facilitates functionality in the hotels by aiding service provision. Additionally, the equipment also ensures that the customers have a positive service experience (Lovelock & Wirtz, 2011).

Employees are also key stakeholders of the servicescape model. The Ginger brand invests in the workers by training them. The firm recruits top talent from the hotel management school through the use of a multi-step recruitment and training process. Additionally, the company also provides career progression opportunities to its employees. The employees are motivated through non-monetary rewards such as developing their competencies. The firm makes use of in-house training, induction, training operations, and e-learning modules. Training can enable employees to acquire the right attitudes and behaviors such as politeness that are important for service delivery within the hospitality industry (Durna et al., 2015).

However, the Ginger brand needs to work on its communication to customers in order to avoid customer complaints and negative feedback. The case study indicates that at times customers are not aware that the company does not provide room service, valet, and concierge. This has created an expectation-perception gap. The company needs to utilize more explicit signs and symbols to communicate this message to the customers.

Conclusion

The servicescape model can be applied to improve service delivery within the hospitality industry. Hotels should focus on the key components of the model as a means of enhancing the customer experience and creating a positive brand image. These components include ambient conditions, space or function, and signs, symbols, and artifacts. Hotels should also recognize that employees are key stakeholders in efficient service delivery. In this regard, they should invest in and motivate employees through career development opportunities and monetary and non-monetary rewards.

If you like the way this case study has been written, you can always engage our customer support team so that they may help you to place an order for your assignment. Please also note that apart from case studies, we also offer assistance with essays and coursework assignments. Students can order our essay writing help in order to get a custom essay. Scholars can also order for coursework assignment help from our dedicated writers.

Action Research on Employment Opportunities Template: Action Research Paper Help

Posted on September 3, 2017 - 7:27 am by

Masters students who are looking for action research writing help can use the following template to work on action research papers that focus on employment opportunities in different fields. Students can also ask our experienced action research writers to help them work on the action research projects. We have assisted Masters students from Wilmington University to write their action research papers right from the introduction & methodology, the literature review & proposal, 1st iteration, and the final paper. Here is a sample of the template that we use when working on action research projects focusing on employment opportunities.

Introduction

The introduction is usually one to two pages long; include a brief history/background of the organization or company and does not have a heading. In absents of a company (employment opportunities) you will want to add some background (research) support.

Discuss the circumstances of the situation that you plan to improve.  You may want to discuss, ‘what is wrong or deficient…and why you think making changes will result in improvements. Include why the improvement is of value to you (the stakeholder).

Methodology

This section is usually two (2) to three (3) pages and is a research paper about (what is) Action Research (AR).  In Blackboard, I have listed a variety of resources, please feel free to use the ones provided, you will also need to select at least five (5) professional references to be included in your research.  Discuss AR, history, application uses etc…  Your last paragraph should include a transition describing how AR is an appropriate methodology for the research you are doing.

Literature Review

A literature review is a research paper about your topic. This section is usually three (3) to four (4) pages and should be as detailed and specific as possible.  You will find that specific examples may be difficult to find when doing Action Research, you will need to select at least eight (8) professional references to be included in your research.  In the following few pages I use the proposal…improving the ‘needs assessment’ process in organization XYZ as my project.  Specific data would include comparing other similar organizations that have restructured their ‘needs assessment’ process.   You will most likely find it difficult to locate literature on that specific process, so you will need to generalize the topic.  You may have to focus on the value of need assessments or processes associated with needs assessment, or how to conduct needs assessment.

Proposal

This is where you provide a high-level overview of your project as laid out in iterations.

Do not try to layout your full plan at this point, keep this to one or two paragraphs for each iteration description.  At this point, you should focus on the big picture.

Hypothetical situation…

Let’s say your proposal deals with improving the ‘needs assessment’ process in organization XYZ.  You know the process is weak and requires improvement, but do not know what the weak points are or how to correct them.  You assume you will need the following iterations:

Iteration 1 will be a brainstorming session with representation from each of the three divisions; the discussion will include identifying requirements and communication flow.  At this point you can go into a little more detail but not too much…keep this statement to one or two paragraphs.  .

Iteration 2 will be a follow up session with each (one on one) of the three Division representatives to discuss the outcome of the brainstorming session and a more detailed discussion of their division’s requirements.  Again keep this to one or two paragraphs, I encourage you to focus on the big picture.

Iteration 3 will be a follow-up meeting with the three division representatives to discuss identified common requirements, possible integration of requirements, and discussion of how unique requirements will be managed at the division level.  The researcher will manage common and integrated requirements, and the appropriate division must manage unique requirements.  At the conclusion of this meeting, the division representatives will be tasked with formulating a solution for all unique requirements.

Iteration 4 will require the researcher to analyze the feedback concerning any/all of the unique requirements from each of the divisions.  Then, document a final process to collect ‘needs’ from each of the divisions,

Iteration 5 will be a final meeting to present the new process.  Copies of the new process will be provided to each division.

 Iteration 1 – Brainstorming

Plan

This section is at least 1 page long (usually longer), which describes all the planning that is required to accomplish your first iteration.  THE PLAN HAS TO BE WRITTEN BEFORE ANY ACTION TAKES PLACE!!!

You want to address all the typical questions Who, What, Where, When, and Why and How.   Who is invited, you may want to include qualifications etc…what topic will be discussed and what you intend to achieve…where, when and why is this meeting important.  Moreover, how do you intend on achieving the results.

If you develop an agenda for the meeting, either the agenda or the contents of the agenda would normally be included as part of the plan.

Suggestion: Take extra time in developing a detailed Plan, if you list five items in your plan, and then you carry those five elements into each activity for comments.  For example, in the Plan you say  ‘you plan on completing internet research’, then in the Action – you discuss the internet research, in the Outcomes – you list any specific outcomes or analysis resulting from the internet research, and then in the Reflections -you reflect on what you learned as a result of the internet research.  The plan sets the stage for the entire iteration.

THIS IS THE PLAN!!!

Action

This section is at least one page long.

The action should describe what actually took place at the brainstorming session…Who attended (and who did not) was the agenda followed, were there additional items for discussion added, or did the agenda take the meeting in a different direction.  In some instances, this may be very similar to the meeting minutes.

Observation

This section is at least one page long (or longer)..

Observation are the outcomes and analysis…in this instance, you may have a documented list of all the brainstorming results or latent feedback.  Additionally, you should include any analysis that would occur as a result of the brainstorming.  As with the other sections this is usually at least one page long, when you start adding outcomes documentation this section often increases to several pages.

Reflection

This section is at least one page long.

From my perspective, this is the most important section of your paper…At this point you are looking at what went well, what went not so well, and what actions/processes could be improved.  This is where you critique yourself as well as the processes you are applying.  You also want to identify restrictions, limitations, and risks…For example, if one of the key participant was not available to attend the brainstorming session, you may want to think about how you will meet and gather information from that person (especially if the information is important to the process).

Iteration 2 – Division

Hypothetical example – one on one interview sessions

Iteration 2 will be a little different in this case.  If you remember, iteration 2 is individual meetings (one on one) with the division representatives. So you would probably approach iteration 2 as follows:

The Plan would address the – who, what, where, when, why, and how regarding all three of the divisions.  Since you would be interviewing three different division representatives – You write one plan but have three actions, three observations and possibly three reflections (or one reflection that addresses thoughts about each of the interviews).  So it may look like:

Plan – one page overall description of the division representatives (may want to include specific influence), anticipated questions or dialogue, as well as justification why…not to forget the schedule (where and when)

Action A, Interview with Division representative Ops   One page

Action B, Interview with Division representative Telecom   One page

Action C, Interview with Division representative HR   One page

Observation A – Outcomes of interview with Division Ops Representative, One page

Observation B – Outcomes of interview with Division Telecom Representative, One page

Observation C – Outcomes of interview with Division HR Representative, One page

Reflection – can include your perspective of all three meetings…good bad and how to improve, at least one page but may end up a little longer as a result of having three inputs.

Complete at least four iterations as per your proposal.

You end the research paper with a reflective statement that encompasses your complete experience.  Basically, a final overview of your activities and what you learned during the process.  Please include any specific achievements.

The action research templates differ based on whether the paper should focus on internship experience or a practical problem in an organization. Nevertheless, you can still hire qualified action research writers from Prolific Research Paper Writers so that they can work on your action research project.  We ensure that our clients’ papers are a 100% free of plagiarism and we strictly follow APA 6th Edition.

Apart from action research writing services, we also assist nursing students to write their DNP capstone projects  and nursing assignments. Besides, we help scholars to work on their Masters capstone projects at affordable prices. Kindly contact us if you need any help with your thesis, dissertation, or capstone project.

 

Freud vs. Kant: Psychology Assignment Help

Posted on May 1, 2017 - 5:56 pm by

Are you looking for psychology essay writing help? Prolificresearchpaperwriters.com has qualified writers who have been assisting scholars to work on their psychology assignments for a number of years. Hence, our psychology assignment help service is founded on an in-depth understanding of the concepts and theories in this field. Below is a sample psychology essay from one of our writers. You can have your custom psychology research paper written by ordering our services.

Introduction

The theory of unconscious was formulated by Sigmund Freud, a physician who believed in unconscious impulses as the driving force for most of the people’s actions. Majority of the people assume their thought and feelings are determined by one’s own free will while Freud’s believed there must be other forces that influence people’s feelings and thoughts.  Freud believed the irrational forces are dangerous and a high need to control them more so in the era of civilization. Freud believed that human behavior is influenced by inner forces and one cannot give valid reasons for some of the actions that human beings carry out. Freud focused on the both inside and outside forces that he presumed influenced the human behavior. Freud was involved with patients with nervous disorders where he found out that one’s childhood experiences which may be sexual in nature influence one’s nervous disorders. These nervous disorders may include depression, anxiety, obsession and hysteria[1]

Kant on the other hand developed the theory of Enlightenment which talks of the emergence of man from an immaturity which Kant believes is self imposed.[2] Kant describes immaturity as a person’s failure to employ their own understanding and always seek the assistance from another person. These individuals do not have the courage to rely on their understanding and most cases are lazy and cowardly. Kant says most people are very lazy and keep depending on other people such as the physician to direct their diet, the pastor to direct their conscience. Kant believes one has the freedom to reason and ones thought and ideas are free. With regards to Freud’s theory, some of the human actions are conducted unconsciously. Unconsciousness hinders the power of reason through Kant’s enlightenment theory. 2

Civilization and Religious Beliefs

Freud believes that civilization poses great pain on human beings. Freud sees human beings as people who are selfish and only interested in satisfying their own needs. Freud explains that an individual is only interested on exploiting his fellow human being either through work without pay, sexual molestation, humiliation and even causing one another pain and even death.1

Freud believes civilization requires utmost effort to counteract man’s aggressiveness. Civilization tries to set limits on human beings but Freud assumes this human urge for aggression is irrational in man and one does not have the ability to regulate it. Civilization aims at bringing people from different races and nations into one unity. However, Freud assumes natural aggressiveness will continue to oppose civilization. Freud describes aggression as a human nature and inner force which is the greatest impediment to civilization.[3]  Freud is aware of the irrational behavior in man that hinders civilization and he is not pleased with man’s lack of ability to control this behavior. Freud is thus not against the theory of enlightenment and is concerned about the destructive nature of these irrational impulses. From his scientific analysis of the nature of man, Freud believes reasoning is the best way for social improvement to overcome the barriers to civilization. Freud also argues on religious issues where he believes religion as a major hindrance to reason. He argues one should break from these religious beliefs to achieve civilization. On the contrary, Kant believes one has free will to regulate their thoughts and actions through enlightenment. Kant describes enlightenment as a transition from an immaturity that he presumes to be self-imposed. Most people are lazy and cowards which makes them to be immature and depend on other people’s understanding. Though it is difficult, it is possible for a man to transition from the state of immaturity, which is his nature, to a state of enlightenment. This can be achieved by changing their minds to attain freedom which ultimately leads to enlightenment.  These people will be able to reason out by themselves and achieve a rational mind to help pursue their personal goals. [4]

Enlightenment can be attained through the freedom to think reasonably in public matters. For instance, one officer may argue you do not do this while the taxman may order you pay this, the pastor may also ask you believe this or that. These examples show cases of restrictions on one’s freedom which may support or hinder enlightenment. Kant believes using personal reason in public is free and can help human beings achieve enlightenment. Kant assumes use of reason in private ways is limited but does not hinder the power to reason. [5]

Kant offers an example of an officer working in a civic office and receives orders from the superior. In this case, the officer uses the power to reason and obeys the order though he is free to make his own judgment on the appropriateness of the order. Another example is the individuals paying their taxes but still have the freedom to express their thoughts and opinions on the imposed taxes. Thus, from Kant theory of enlightenment, it is possible for community members to live in harmony and achieve a state of civilization. Kant also brings in the religion issue where he provides an example of a pastor who gives instructions and doctrines according to church requirements. This pastor is limited to the beliefs of the church and in this context uses his power of reason to follow the church doctrines. However, in the context of a clerical writing on religious doctrines, one is free to express his or her opinion on the religious matters. Thus, Kant views the power of reason as a way of enlightening the people which in turn promotes civilization.

Human Narcissism

Freud describes libido as sexual desire which is a strong sexual instinct in human mind which can be compared to the hunger. Freud expounds on neurotic disorders to be associated with sexual instincts. He believes that neurosis develops depending on one’s libido and the ability to get satisfied. The disease forms due to an individual’s sexual development. Freud believes that, sexual development depends on ego instincts which are believed to affect personal self esteem and self preservation. The ego plays defense and a person fails to attain their sexual desires which may force them to look for a sexual substitute to achieve their sexual satisfaction. As such Freud assumes that this substitutive satisfaction leads to neurosis disorders. [6]

During treatment of neurosis, the distribution of libido in the patient is often considered. The physicians look for the object that the libido is bound to and place it at the ego instincts. Narcissism is a condition where ego is attached to libido. The Sigmund Freud Theory states that narcissism proceeds to object- love though not a certain quantity of the libido remains in the ego. This assumptions helps expound on the theory of libido which explains the omnipotence of man’s thoughts and how narcissism behaviors of human beings influence external world.[7]  With such external relations, Freud believes that man is supreme with his thoughts and has core place in his ego where he keeps track of his actions and observations. Freud believes a man’s inner perceptions and his consciousness control the ego core influencing his important occurrences in the mind. Impulses that work independent of each other while corresponding to other instincts lead to individual actions. Freud considers that certain thoughts arise involuntary and one cannot control them. Freud explains that these emergent thoughts are at times more powerful that those arising from ego instincts. [8]Kant on the other hand, believes an individual has the power of reason to discern what actions to take. One’s thoughts and feelings can be regulated through the power of reason. An individual who is enlightened has the capacity to control their libido and thus achieve sexual satisfaction. Kant argues that a person can reason out based on their understanding without relying on other people such as the pastor’s or the physician’s advice. Individuals are free if they would only stop being lazy and take courage in their thoughts and ideas. Based on the enlightenment theory, one has the ability to control their ego instincts and influence their sexual behaviors. The theory states that a person has the freedom to reason independently without seeking the opinion of the church, clergy or schools.

Conclusion

The Sigmund Freud theory highlights human thoughts based on unconsciousness. Freud assumes that irrational forces guide individual thoughts and behaviors.  His philosophical commitments depend on the philosophy of science of mind and human emotions. Freud provides his awareness on irrational thoughts on civilization and religious beliefs though he assumes that reason enhances social improvement. He is trying to relieve human misery by making people understand their nature. Freud believes that individuals have strong inner feelings that influence the actions they carry out. The human mind is full of aggression where each individual thinks about their own needs before those of others. Thus, he believes civilization imposes sexual desires and aggressiveness to human beings.  He assumes that people’s inclination is not to love each other, rather to satisfy their aggressive behaviors. He also believes that the core of human nature is in opposition to civilized life. Conversely, Kant believes that enlightenment improves a person’s immaturity. He assumes that a person must not depend on other people’s thoughts, and those relying on other people are lazy and coward. Kant explains that it is possible to live in harmony as community if every person would exercise the power of reason. This enlightenment enables one to carry out their duties in the designated office while respecting the existing law as well expressing their personal thoughts and opinions. Freud on the other hand expounds on the theory of libido and how certain impulse that cannot be controlled influence a person’s sexual behavior. Freud elaborates on the issue of libido and ego instincts and the association between the two. He maintains the involuntary forces are at times stronger than the ego forces. However, Kant holds that one has ability to control their sexual behaviors by discerning their thoughts and using the power of reason.

If you have liked the way in which the sample has been written, you can order your own paper by contacting our customer support or placing your order on our website. We also offer capstone writing help to psychology students. Scholars in this field can also access case study writing help from our experienced and professional psychology writers.

 

Bibliography

[1] Perry, Marvin. Western civilization: Ideas, politics & society. (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1992), 690-692

[2] Kant, Emanuel. What is Enlightenment? 1784. 1-3. http://www.allmendeberlin.de/What-is-Enlightenment.pdf

[3] Freud, Sigmund. Civilization and its discontents. (New York: W.W. Norton, 1972), 23-25

 

[4] Kant, Emanuel. 1784. What is Enlightenment? 1-3.  http://www.allmendeberlin.de/What-is-Enlightenment.pdf

[5] Kant, Emanuel, Ibid, 3

[6] Freud, Sigmund. 1917. A difficulty in the path of psychoanalysis. 137-139.  Retrieved from http://www.slideshare.net/341987/a-difficulty-in-the-path-of-psycho-analysis

[7] Freud, Sigmund. Ibid, 1-3

[8] Freud, Sigmund. 1917. A difficulty in the path of psychoanalysis. 137-139. Retrieved from http://www.slideshare.net/341987/a-difficulty-in-the-path-of-psycho-analysis

Ditching US Airways Flight 1549 in Hudson River: Sample Aviation Assignment

Posted on April 21, 2017 - 7:15 am by

Are you looking for credible assignment help? We offer custom writing services with different types of papers including coursework assignments. Importantly, we understand that students at times struggle with certain assignments especially research projects, research papers, theses, dissertations, and capstone projects. This is why we have unveiled our dissertation writing help service. Besides, we offer aviation assignment writing help to assist scholars in this field to get As in their assignments effortlessly. You can review the aviation case study below and order for your original assignment in aviation by filling out our order form or contacting our customer support.

Emergency Incident

An emergency incident refers to a situation that poses an instantaneous risk to health, life, property, or environment (Wang, Rosca, Tepfenhart & Milewski, 2006). It hence requires urgent intervention to in order to exercise control limiting the progression of the situation into a worse stage (Buck, Trainor & Aguirre, 2006). At times, palliative care for the aftermath is the only possible intervention as mitigation may be not possible. A good example of an emergency incident occurred on 15th January 2009 in Hudson River (Pariès, 2009). Airbus A320, a commercial passenger aircraft, US Airways Flight 1549 headed for Charlotte Douglas International Airport, North Carolina suffered a bird strike (Marra et al., 2009). This caused both its engines to fail and the flight could not make it back to LaGuardia Airport, New York City. The crew of the aircraft decided to make an unpowered emergency landing in Hudson River. There were 155 persons on board and Captain Chesley alongside First Officer Jeffrey made the ditching decision to avoid what was a likely imminent crash (Pariès, 2009). The ditching of the aircraft into the river was later on regarded as a unique and heroic aviation achievement (Pariès, 2009). The aircraft’s 6 minutes flight ended at 3:31 pm marking what would be the beginning an emergency operation to rescue the occupants of the flight from the sinking aircraft.

Following the Incident Command System

According to Buck, Trainor and Aguirre (2006), an Incident Command System (ICS) refers to a standardized approach to the command, control, and coordination of emergency response. This provides a common hierarchy within which responders from multiple agencies can be effective (Fraher, 2011). For US Airways Flight 1549, the greatest command responsibility lied with Captain Chesley. Being the flight commander, rescue and evacuation plans especially within the premises of the aircraft depended on him (Pariès, 2009). He therefore had to coordinate the flight crew on the process of evacuating the passengers from the cabin. The cabin was likely to fill up with water which would bring in the risk of drowning before rescue took place. There was need hence to take passengers to safety within the shortest time. On ditching, the captain opened cockpit door and gave the flight attendants an order to evacuate the passengers. Two flight attendants opened front doors which were meant also to activate a slide craft. The flight attendants also instructed passengers to climb over the seats as they moved forward (Marra et al., 2009). This would enable them to escape the rising waters of Hudson River inside the cabin. The safety destinations were the wings of the aircraft and an inflatable raft from where the boats would hopefully complete the evacuation process. Captain Chesley walked twice through the length of the evacuated cabin to ensure that no one remained behind (Fraher, 2011). Dave Sanderson, one of the passengers volunteered assistance in the evacuation process. Most notably, among the rescued passengers, one was in a wheelchair. Based on these observations, the process of ditching US Airways Flight 1549 into Hudson River, and the evacuation within the cabin followed Incident Command System protocol. Captain Chesley was fully leading the rest of the crew to bring the situation under control (Pariès, 2009).

Mistakes in the Hudson River Flight Ditch

The entire operation by the flight crew onboard US Airways Flight 1549 from the moment it suffered the bird strike and consequently an engine failure; to the final evacuation from the waters of Hudson River was considered a great success (Marra et al., 2009). However, a few hitches occurred one being that Captain Chesley forgot to press the ditching button which would have sealed valves and openings underneath the aircraft (Pariès, 2009). Another mistake is that a panicking passenger opened a rear door which caused water to dash in and fill the cabin at a faster rate. The second mistake would have been avoided by the flight crew assuring the passengers that all was well (Pariès, 2009). This would minimize the chances of the passengers panicking (Fraher, 2011).

The Command and Control Process

In Incident Command System protocol, the command and control process refers to the defined hierarchy which defines the role of each personnel (Buck, Trainor & Aguirre, 2006). It also defines to whom they are supposed to whom one should respond. In aviation, the practice requires that the captain should get in touch with the airport control tower in case of emergency and Captain Chesley followed this (Pariès, 2009). The rest of the crew were answerable to the captain and hence followed his orders.

The Role of the Incident Commander

In an emergency, the incident commander is responsible for the development of incident objectives (Fraher, 2011). He is also responsible for the management of all incident operations. In addition, the Incident Commander is responsible for the application of resources and overall oversight on all persons involved. The captain hence on the engine failure had to make decision regarding how best to save the flight occupants. In addition, he was responsible on devising and ensuring that all the passengers and crew members got rescued safely from the waters of Hudson River.

Definition of “Span of Control”

This refers to the number of individuals that a supervisor in an emergency is responsible for (Wang, Rosca, Tepfenhart & Milewski, 2006). The recommended ratio of supervisors to individuals is between 1:3 and 1:7. In the Hudson incident, Captain Chesley’s span of control involved the flight crew (Pariès, 2009). On their part, the flight crew members were responsible for all the passengers onboard without any specific allocation criteria.

Summary of the Event

Prior to the ditching in Hudson River, Captain Chesley had contacted air traffic control at LaGuardia Airport seeking clearance for an emergency landing. However, the realization that they could not make it back safely to the airport due to loss of altitude led to the decision to ditch in Hudson River. About 90 seconds before the ditch, Captain Chesley informed the passengers that they should brace for the impact. The flight attendants instructed the passengers how they ought to get prepared for the impact occasioned by the ditch into the waters of River Hudson. To maximize the chances of a successful rescue process, US Airways Flight 1549’s captain chose the ditching location near three boat terminals.

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References

Atkins, E. M. (2010). Emergency Landing Automation Aids: An Evaluation Inspired by US Airways Flight 1549. In AIAA Infotech@ Aerospace Conference, Atlanta, Georgia.

Buck, D. A., Trainor, J. E., & Aguirre, B. E. (2006). A critical evaluation of the incident command system and NIMS. Journal of Homeland Security and Emergency Management, 3(3).

Fraher, A. (2011). Hero-making as a defence against the anxiety of responsibility and risk: a case study of US Airways Flight 1549. Organisational and Social Dynamics, 11(1), 59-78.

Marra, P. P., Dove, C. J., Dolbeer, R., Dahlan, N. F., Heacker, M., Whatton, J. F., & Henkes, G. A. (2009). Migratory Canada geese cause crash of US Airways Flight 1549. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 7(6), 297-301.

Pariès, J. (2009). Lessons from (the) Hudson. Hindsight, 9, 27. Retrieved from www.skybrary.aero/bookshelf/books/732.pdf

Wang, J., Rosca, D., Tepfenhart, W., & Milewski, A. (2006). Incident command system workflow modeling and analysis: A case study. In Proceedings of the 3rd International ISCRAM (Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management) Conference, Newark, NJ (USA) (127-136).

 

 

History Essay Writing Help

Posted on April 19, 2017 - 9:55 am by

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The discovery of the New World was reported by Christopher Columbus in 1492 serves as a foundation of religious and ethnic conflicts. The discovery led to immigration and further exploration in the Americas. This led to conflicts due to the cross-cultural context as witnessed in the section of Jamestown. The discovery also led to slavery and increased conflicts in the New World as settlers enslaved the indigenous people. William Penn by upholding Quaker modesty and pacifism advocated for religious and ethnic co-existence.

The section on Jamestown embroiders the current topic most as they both promote co-existence in the human race. I choose the section since conflicts endanger the human race as evidenced by the loss of life, frontier bloodshed and massacres commonly associated with the history of the New World.  Moreover, it is my opinion that, the section is beneficial to the modern day world where religious, ethnic, political and other forms of conflict abound. Modern day leaders and individuals can therefore learn about co-existence, respecting others beliefs, values, norms and perspectives and promotion of common interests through gives and takes relationships.

The discovery of the new world and the Christopher Columbus debate is sharing. Leif Eriksson may have discovered the New World but failed to report the discovery and therefore the discovery was of no benefit to the world. Christopher Columbus by reporting the discovery led to civilization of the new world and ushered in the Age of Exploration. Reporting the discovery however led to colonization and subjection of the indigenous people into slavery. The Jamestown section implores humans to act as tools for promoting peace. However, even with the efforts, conflicts may arise as evidenced by conflict lapses between Smith and the Powhatan tribes. The massacre and bloodshed witnessed during the slavery period informs on the need for observation of fundamental human rights. The history of the New World shapes national politics and human rights issues.  Studying the history makes us value the historical importance in influencing the contemporary world.

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Posted on April 13, 2017 - 4:42 pm by

Students are usually presented with case study assignments from time to time. Case studies normally call for critical thinking skills in order to alienate the problem afflicting a particular company or community and point out the appropriate solutions. At prolificresearchpaperwriters.com, we offer unmatched case study writing help. We have experienced writers who have handled numerous case study assignments. As such, they are familiar with both the analytical approach and problem-oriented method of handling case study assignments. Notably, both approaches entail scrutinizing the case study in order to understand the occurrences, their justifications, and suggestions to suitable solutions. Notably, students should be able to identify the issues in a case study,  select the key problems, establish the alternatives for solving the problems, and propose the best solution from the alternatives. Moreover, the learners should outline how the solution should be implemented to optimize the results. Are you looking for help with writing a case study?If yes, you can contact our customer care support and we will be more than willing to work on your case study assignment. We offer original writing services, meaning that your case study will be 100% free of plagiarism. Besides, we support our arguments with credible sources drawn from recent journal articles and books. This is very crucial since case studies involve the application of theory to practical situations. Notably, such assignments give the students an opportunity to apply what they learned in class to practical scenarios. Importantly, our case study writers apply superior critical thinking skills to ensure that our clients get superior case study assignments. Ideally, A case study should be organized into the executive summary, the introduction, findings, discussion, conclusion, recommendation, implementation, references, and the appendices. The executive summary should present a synopsis of the entire paper while the introduction should give the readers a preview of the occurrences in the case. The findings should outline the problems in the case which should be supported by the available facts and literature. The discussion should present a summary of the key issues accompanied by alternative solutions to the challenges. On the other hand, the conclusion should wrap up the key points while the recommendation should present the best alternative. The implementation outlines how the best alternative should be put into actual practice and the associated costs where necessary. However, the structure is at times fluid since case study assignments can also take the following format: background/overview of the problem, problem statement, alternatives, recommendations, conclusion, and references. The second approach is especially suitable where the assignments are not lengthy. Kindly, feel free to contact us for assistance with your case study assignment. In our case study writing services, we guarantee quality and affordable prices for our esteemed clients. Do not be left behind, contact us now and start enjoying our quality case study writing services. You can order with your debit or credit card or via Paypal.

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A Termination by Any Other Name: Sample APA Case Study

Posted on November 5, 2016 - 6:45 pm by

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Introduction

            Jeffrey Deck is an Assistant Federal Security Director attached to the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) at Raleigh-Durham Airport, North Carolina. Jeffrey is being terminated due to reports he had filed implicating his supervisor Bob Jewel of incompetence and misconduct including a highly publicized security breach at the airport. The reports had attracted the attention of the TSA’s Professional Review Board (PRB) which is responsible for reviewing allegations of misconduct and mismanagement among TSA’s senior officials. After the review, the board decided to terminate both Jeffrey and Bob. Jeffrey was notified about a meeting between him and the board through email three weeks to the meeting.  However, the board acknowledged that Jeffrey was not responsible for the misconduct since Bob, the Security Director, was responsible for providing leadership. TSA gave Jeffrey the option of resigning for ‘personal reasons’ as opposed to summary dismissal without benefits.

TSA representatives denied Jeffrey the opportunity to view the contents of his dismissal letter. The justification for this was that by viewing the contents of the letter, Jeffrey would have been served with a termination notice, prompting TSA to file the termination details including the reason for termination in Jeffrey’s file. Summary dismissal would prevent Jeffrey from being considered for federal employment opportunities in the future. Jeffrey noted that he could contest the removal proposal. However, the board was adamant that a change in management was required and pressured Jeffrey to take the resignation option. On request for three days time to consider the decision and consult with his attorney, Jeff was given an hour to call his attorney. Jeffrey is indirectly being terminated for whistle blowing on his supervisor.  By reporting the mismanagement of the security docket, Jeffrey brought out the incompetence and irresponsibility of top leadership in the docket. The PRB after its review was, therefore, convinced of the need to change the docket’s management personnel.

Body

            Jeffrey reported Bob’s misconduct without first engaging him on the same. This indicates Jeffrey’s inability to establish a proper and honest relationship with his boss. However, by reporting the mismanagement, Jeffrey took the right action since employees have a responsibility of reporting misconduct and mismanagement by their seniors. This responsibility is founded on laws such as Sarbanes-Oxley Act that encourages corporate officers to fight corporate mismanagement (Watnick, 2007). Nevertheless, Jeffrey overlooked the alternative of first raising the mismanagement concerns with Bob before reporting them. Raising the concerns with Bob, may have elicited a better relationship between Jeffrey and Bob. In doing so, Jeffrey would have used the strategy of substantiality whereby subordinates manage their leaders by offering important information and guidance to the leaders (McShane & Von Glinow, 2010). This would also have served as a wake up call for Bob to consider the impact of his decisions and conduct on other members of his team. This is founded on the concept of centrality since leaders such as Bob are closer to the organizational internal structure and have higher levels of control (McShane & Von Glinow, 2010). It is very unlikely that Jeffrey would be able to establish and maintain strong relationships with the TSA, especially if his attorney were to advise him to sue the TSA for wrongful dismissal. Failure to take the provided option would also jeopardize future relationships with other federal service leaders since he would not be in a position to gain federal employment. However, there are minimal chances that a relationship with the TSA could be maintained if he decides to retire voluntarily.

Jeffrey is a responsible leader who upholds integrity and professionalism. This argument is founded on the fact that he readily reported the misconduct of his boss. Moreover, the conduct and decisions of leaders are informed by their character and ethical values (Chadler, 2009).  His integrity, responsibility and regard for organizational procedures, is evident from his concern over misconduct including the security breach whereby more than 200 bags on a flight to New York were not screened for security purposes. Additionally, rising to the Assistant Federal Security Director is also evidence that Jeffrey effectively managed his professional responsibilities and priorities.

Jeffrey communicates effectively, both verbally and in writing. This is founded on the fact that he was able to effectively relay Bob’s misconduct in the reports he filed. He also demonstrates effective verbal communication during his meeting with the TSA representatives. Lack of communication between Jeffrey and Bob contributed to the problem. The problem is, however, amplified by the PRB board’s decision to review TSA’s management.  Communication is an essential tool for conflict management in organizations (Spaho, 2013). Though, negotiations between Jeffrey and the PRB representatives could resolve the issue, the representatives are very adamant on Jeffrey’s resignation. The board also appears to be in a hurry and negotiations are time consuming (Bornstein & Gilula, 2003).  This position could further amplify the issue especially if Jeffrey were to refuse to resign and sue the TSA over wrongful dismissal.

The issue was not properly resolved. This is majorly attributed to the adamant position of TSA’s representatives who stressed that Jeffrey should either retire or be dismissed summarily. This hindered negotiation efforts between the two parties. TSA representatives especially adopted a threat strategy during the meeting by stressing the consequences of failure to resign voluntarily. A threat tactic is founded on deterrence whereby, during negotiations the side holding a better position presents the weaker side with the consequences of failing to accept the proposed solution (Spaho, 2013). Further, there was no reference to organizational disciplinary and termination procedures.

Conclusion

            The issue would have been handled in a better manner if the parties had referred to disciplinary and termination procedures. Public sector firms should adopt such procedures in order to fairly deal with employee disciplinary and termination issues. This would also eliminate chances of lawsuits from unfairly terminated employees. Management changes should also be carried out in a manner that promotes fairness and justice especially to responsible leaders. Employees who uphold high integrity should be rewarded rather than punished.

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References

Bornstein, G., & Gilula, Z. (2003). Between-group communication and conflict resolution in assurance and chicken games. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 47(3), 326-339.

Chandler, D. J. (2009). The perfect storm of leader’s unethical behavior: A conceptual framework. International Journal of Leadership Studies, 5(1), 70-93.

McShane, S. L., & Von Glinow, M. A. Y. (2010). Organizational behavior: Emerging knowledge and practice for the real world. Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill Irwin.

Spaho, K. (2013). Organizational communication and conflict management. Management: Journal of Contemporary Management Issues, 18(1), 103-118.

Watnick, V. (2007). Whistleblower protections under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act: A primer and a critique. Fordham Journal of Corporate & Financial Law, 12(5), 831-879.

 

 

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